Acronym Definition
UGWR United Garment Workers Resource
UGWR Universal General War Reserves
UGWR Universal Geographically Weighted Regression
UGWR Universal Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway
UGWR Universal God's Wonderful Railway (Great Western Railway nickname)
UGWR Universal Graphical Wireless Reporting
UGWR Universal Great Western Radio
UGWR Universal Great Western Railway
UGWR Universal Guinness World Records
UGWR Undergraduate Writing
UGWR User Guide Writing
UGWR Universal Gravitational Wave Radiation
UGWR Universal Greatest World Records
Guinness World Records, known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records (and
in previous U.S. editions The Guinness Book of World Records), is a reference
book published annually, containing an internationally recognized collection of
world records, both human achievements and the extreme of the natural world. The
book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted series.
Origins
On 10 November 1951, Sir Hugh Beaver, then the managing director of the Guinness
Brewery, went on a shooting party in North Slob, by the River Slaney in County
Wexford, Ireland. He became involved in an argument: which was the fastest game
bird in Europe, the golden plover or the grouse? That evening at Castlebridge
House, he realized that it was impossible to confirm in reference books whether
or not the golden plover was Europe's fastest game bird.
Beaver thought that there must be numerous other questions debated nightly in
the 81,400 pubs in Britain and Ireland, but there was no book with which to
settle arguments about records. He realized then that a book supplying the
answers to this sort of question might prove popular.
Beaver’s idea became reality when Guinness employee Christopher Chataway
recommended student twins Norris and Ross McWhirter, who had been running a
fact-finding agency in London. The brothers were commissioned to compile what
became The Guinness Book of Records in August 1954. One thousand copies were
printed and given away.
After founding the Guinness Book of Records at 107 Fleet Street, the first
198-page edition was bound on 27 August 1955 and went to the top of the British
best seller lists by Christmas. "It was a marketing give away—it wasn't supposed
to be a money maker," said Beaver. The following year it launched in the U.S.,
and it sold 70,000 copies.
After the book became a surprise hit, many further editions were printed,
eventually settling into a pattern of one revision a year, published in October
to coincide with Christmas sales. The McWhirters continued to publish it and
related books for many years. Ross was assassinated by the Provisional Irish
Republican Army in 1975. Both brothers had an encyclopedic memory — on the TV
series Record Breakers, based upon the book, they would take questions posed by
children in the audience on various world records, and would usually be able to
give the correct answer. Following McWhirter's assassination, the feature was
called "Norris on the Spot".
Evolution
Some world record attempts are more unusual than others: Suresh Joachim, minutes
away from breaking the ironing world record at 55 hours and 5 minutes, at
Shoppers World, Brampton.Recent editions have focused on record feats by human
competitors. Competitions range from obvious ones such as weightlifting to the
more entertaining such as longest egg-throwing distance or the number of hot
dogs that can be consumed in ten minutes - although eating contest and beer and
alcohol consumption entries are no longer accepted, possibly for fear of
litigation. Besides records about competitions, it contains such facts as the
heaviest tumor, the most poisonous plant, the shortest river (Roe River), the
longest-running drama (Guiding Light), the longest serving members of a drama
series (William Roache for Coronation Street in the UK, Kate Ritchie and Ray
Meagher for Home and Away in Australia), the world's most successful salesman
(Joe Girard), the most successful reality television musical group (Girls
Aloud), and the only brother and sister to have solo number one singles in UK
chart history (Daniel and Natasha Bedingfield). Many records also relate to the
youngest person who achieved something, such as the youngest person to visit all
nations of the world, being Maurizio Giuliano.
Each edition contains a selection of the large set of records in the Guinness
database, and the criteria for that choice have changed over the years.
The ousting of Norris McWhirter from his consulting role in 1995 and the
subsequent decision by Diageo plc to sell the Guinness World Records brand have
shifted it from a text-heavy reference book to a highly-illustrated, colourful
product.
These changes have done no harm to its commercial success: the Guinness Book of
Records is the world's most sold copyrighted book, thus earning it an entry
within its own pages. A number of spin-off books and television series have also
been produced. Again the emphasis in these shows has been on spectacular,
entertaining stunts, rather than any aspiration to inform or educate. The
Guinness World Record brand is now owned by HIT Entertainment.
Madonna is the most successful female recording artist in the music history and
she is the highest earning female singer of all time, according to the 2007
Guinness Book of Records. Guinness World Records do not monitor the category of
'Person with the most records' as this changes too frequently, and records that
once existed may now have been 'rested' and therefore this would not be a fair
category.
In 2005, Guinness designated 9 November as International Guinness World Records
Day to encourage breaking of world records; it was described as "phenomenally
successful". The 2006 version was dubbed as, "the world’s biggest international
event" with an estimated 100,000 people participating in over 10 countries. The
promotion has earned Guinness a whopping 2,244 all-new valid records in 12
months, which is a 173% increase over the previous year.
In 2006, Michael Jackson visited the Guinness World Records office in London to
collect 7 Official Records Certificates related to his successful career as a
vocalist and song writer.
On 9 January 2007, Guinness announced it was working with AskMeNow to offer
mobile access to the Guinness World Records databases. The company has been
collaborating with the UK-based firm Texperts for several years already, and it
offers both companies exclusive access to their database.
Ethical issues
Steven Petrosino, drinking 500 ml beer in 0.4 seconds in June 1977. Guinness
accepted only the record for one litre, but later dropped all beer and alcohol
records from their compendium in 1991.Several world records that were once
included in the book have been removed for ethical reasons. By publishing world
records in a category, the book may encourage others to try to beat that record,
even at the expense of their own health and safety. For example, following
publication of a "heaviest cat" record, many cat owners overfed their pets
beyond the bounds of what was healthy, so entries such as these were removed.
The Guinness Book also dropped records within their "eating and drinking
records" section of Human Achievements in 1991 over concerns that potential
competitors could do harm to themselves and expose the publisher to potential
litigation. These changes included the removal of all liquor, wine and beer
drinking records, along with other unusual records for consuming such unlikely
things as bicycles and trees.
Other records, such as sword swallowing, were closed to further entry as the
current holders had performed beyond what are considered safe human tolerance
levels. There have been cases where closed records have been reopened. For
example, the sword swallowing record was listed as closed in 1990 Guinness Book
of World Records, but the Guinness World Records Primetime TV show, which
started in 1998, accepted three sword swallowing challenges.
Chain letters are also not allowed. "Guinness World Records does not accept any
records relating to chain letters, sent by post or e-mail. If you receive a
letter or an e-mail, which may promise to publish the names of all those who
send it on, please destroy it, it is a hoax. No matter if it says that Guinness
World Records and the postal service are involved, they are not."
Museums
Guinness Museum in Hollywood.In recent years the Guinness company has permitted
the franchising of small museums with displays based on the book, all currently
(as of 2005) located in towns popular with tourists: Tokyo, Surfers Paradise,
Copenhagen, San Francisco, San Antonio, Niagara Falls, Hollywood, Atlantic City,
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina and Gatlinburg, Tennessee. While some displays are
dramatic, like the statues of the world's tallest and shortest people, or videos
of records being broken, much of the information is presented simply with text
and photos.
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RuneScape takes place in the fantasy-themed realm of Gielinor, which is divided
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